• Caffeic acid dihydroxycinnamic acid is

  2024-04-22

  

  Caffeic APETx2 mg (3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid) is a natural compound that inhibits 5-LO and exerts potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Recently, Takeda et al. reported that caffeic acid provided neuroprotective and anti-depressive activities [23]. Sertraline, a selective serotonin

• Additional evidence for a putative role

  2024-04-22

  

  Additional evidence for a putative role of COXs and 5-LOX in AD derives from pharmacological studies using inhibitors of these enzymes (for review, see Firuzi and Praticò, 2006). In addition to helping delineate the pathobiological mechanisms of AD, these results raise hope for discovering novel the

• The first rationally designed dual

  2024-04-22

  

  The first rationally designed dual mPGES-1/5-LO inhibitor was reported in 2008 and represents a structural derivative of pirinixic cell dilution calculator - a synthetic agonist of PPARα with lipid-lowering properties (Koeberle et al., 2008b). Further α-alkyl- and α-aryl-substituted derivatives hav

• As we previously observed in the

  2024-04-22

  

  As we previously observed in the NSFT (Fukumoto et al., 2014), the effect of LY341495 in the FST was also inhibited by a 5-HT1A receptor antagonist, indicating the role of the 5-HT1A receptor in the actions of LY341495. Among the 5-HT1A receptors, which exist both presynaptically and postsynapticall

• Mistletoe is universal name for various species of parasitic

  2024-04-22

  

  Mistletoe is universal name for various species of parasitic plant which grows attached to and within the branches of host trees such as apple, elm, oak and pine. Mistletoe extract prepared from Viscum album, a species of mistletoe in the family Santalaceae, is generally known as European mistletoe

• Introduction Lysophosphatidic acid LPA is a key

  2024-04-22

  

  Introduction Lysophosphatidic H 89 (LPA) is a key, serum-borne phospholipid, regulating a number of cellular processes such as proliferation, migration and differentiation through its interaction with G-protein coupled receptors. LPA receptor signaling has been implicated in several disease states

• Introduction Mitotic kinases play an essential

  2024-04-22

  

  Introduction Mitotic kinases play an essential role in mitosis, Aurora and other mitotic kinases are often observed over-expression in human solid and many hematologic cancers. As one of serine/threonine kinases, Aurora kinase family is involved in centrosome maturation, mitotic spindle formation,

• Introduction Lipoxygenases LOXs are key enzymes that

  2024-04-22

  

  Introduction Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are key enzymes that catalyze the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as arachidic IWR-1-endo (AA), linoleic acid (LA) and others unsaturated fatty acids (Brash, 1999). LOXs are expressed in immune, neural, epithelial, tumor cells and other cells (Claesson, 20

• br Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad related as a therapeutic ta

  2024-04-22

  

  Ataxia–telangiectasia and Rad3 related as a therapeutic target Several concerns revolving around functional inhibition of ATR have hindered the exploitation of ATR as therapeutic target in cancer therapy and delayed the development of specific ATR kinase inhibitors. It was anticipated that pharma

• br Mechanisms of GPCR internalization Like

  2024-04-22

  

  Mechanisms of GPCR internalization Like for other types of receptors, prolonged agonist stimulation often leads to GPCR internalization, which can occur via different pathways ∗[2], [20], [21], [22], [23]. Of these pathways, clathrin-mediated Compound C (CME) is the best characterized and arguab

• br Activity and expression of aromatase in

  2024-04-22

  

  Activity and expression of aromatase in the hippocampus The brain, like the adrenals, gonads and the placenta, is a steroidogenic organ. This paradigm emerged from studies carried out as early as the 1980s by Baulieu and co-workers; these studies showed that steroids such as pregnenolone and dehy

• The elevated levels of intracellular

  2024-04-22

  

  The elevated levels of intracellular antioxidant such as reduced glutathione (GSH) are normally oberserved is various tumor 2188 which confers the chemoresistant to chemotherapy [59]. Therefore, the induction of oxidative stress via elevation of intracellular ROS and dimunition of intracellular GSH

• br Secreted enzymes Only two

  2024-04-22

  

  Secreted enzymes Only two secreted S. aureus enzymes reportedly induce apoptosis, namely, staphylococcal staphopain B (SspB) and coagulase. SspB selectively cleaved CD11b/CD18 integrin and induced an apoptosis-like cell death in neutrophils and monocytes (Smagur et al., 2009). Neutrophils or mono

• The specific functions of ERs and

  2024-04-22

  

  The specific functions of ERs and AR underline their crucial roles during different phases of spermatogenesis. Their deregulation could affect numerous downstream targets, thereby, disrupting spermatogenesis and male fertility. Various studies have shown that estrogen-like chemicals in the environme

• Introduction The burden of cardiovascular disease CVD is

  2024-04-22

  

  Introduction The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is undisputed, accounting for approximately a third of global deaths (17.5 million people in 2012) (WHO, 2012). Atherosclerosis leads to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) which accounts for more than 40% of these deaths (WHO, 201

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